Nova Scotia

Scientists urge feds to tighten marine protection rules

Oceanographer Anna Metaxas from Dalhousie University is one of 15 marine scientists who penned a letter to Environment Minister Catherine McKenna and Fisheries and Oceans Minister Dominic LeBlanc.

Letter from 15 Canadian scientists calls for stricter regulations

A team of researchers is taking video from the ocean floor in the Gulf of Maine. (Anna Metaxas/Dalhousie University, Martha Nizinski/NOAA/NFMS and CSSF/ROPOS)

A Halifax professor of oceanography currently on a research expedition in the Gulf of Maine is among a group of scientists demanding greater protection for Canada's oceans.

Anna Metaxas from Dalhousie University is one of 15 marine scientists who penned a letter to federal Environment Minister Catherine McKenna and Fisheries and Oceans Minister Dominic LeBlanc.

The scientists represent universities from across Canada, including Dalhousie, Memorial University of Newfoundland and University of Victoria. They want the federal government to tighten up the regulations around what activities are allowed in marine protected areas.

Commercial fishing and oil and gas extraction are still allowed in some parts of protected zones, she said.

Anna Metaxas is a professor of oceanography at Dalhousie University in Halifax. (Submitted by Dr. Anna Metaxas)

Now is the time to act, said Metaxas, as Canada nears the deadline it set of protecting 10 per cent of marine areas by 2020.

"Nobody is advocating that we should close all ocean to all human activities," Metaxas told CBC's Information Morning.

"But if you think about it, if we close 30 per cent that leaves 70 per cent available for other human activities such as resource extraction."

Stricter guidelines for MPAs

In 2015, the federal government set an interim goal of protecting five per cent of its oceans and coastline by the end of this year. So far, just under one per cent meets that criteria.

While Metaxas said it's important to balance resource extraction and conservation, there are some areas, such as the newly designated marine protected area in St. Anns Bank near Scaterie Island, N.S., that should remain off limits.

"We should be preventing human activity in there and leaving those areas alone, so that they can provide the bio-diversity and feed the populations of marine animals for generations," she said.

While bottom-trawling and oil and gas exploitation are now banned in the area, lobster and halibut fishing will still be allowed in some parts of the protected zone.

Searching the sea floor

There needs to be better monitoring of areas that are already protected and those that should be, said Metaxas. That's what she's doing now in the Gulf of Maine with a team of researchers.

A team of researchers is on a 15-day trip in the Gulf of Maine looking for coral. (Dr. Anna Metaxas/Dalhousie University, Dr. Martha Nizinski/NOAA/NFMS and CSSF/ROPOS.)

They're sending a remotely operated vehicle to the depths of the ocean floor to see if they can find certain types of coral. They'll provide that information to the Department of Fisheries and Oceans to help plan the network of marine protected areas.

Metaxas told CBC's Mainstreet earlier this week about the unexpected discovery of stony corals in the deep underwater canyons.

"These specific stony corals form reefs in deep water, at about 700 and 800 metres depth, but seeing those specific corals in that high a density was a first," she said.

"This is part of this, this is part of the exploration. You don't know what you're going to see, it's all new.... It's really exciting for us," she said. 

With files from CBC's Information Morning and CBC's Mainstreet