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Nagorno-Karabakh refugees begin arriving in Armenia after Azerbaijan's military offensive

The first refugees from Nagorno-Karabakh have arrived in Armenia, local officials reported Sunday, after Azerbaijan imposed a 10-month blockade on the breakaway region and conducted a lightning military offensive there, reclaiming full control of the region as a result.

'It was a nightmare. There are no words to describe,' evacuee says

Thousands flee Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia

1 year ago
Duration 2:08
Thousands of ethnic Armenians are fleeing a long-disputed region in Azerbaijan, fearing what Armenia says is persecution and ethnic cleansing. Armenian officials say 200 people have been killed so far in fighting that ended in a ceasefire.

The first refugees from Nagorno-Karabakh have arrived in Armenia, local officials reported Sunday, after Azerbaijan imposed a 10-month blockade on the breakaway region and conducted a lightning military offensive there, reclaiming full control of the region as a result.

Thousands of people were evacuated from cities and villages affected by the latest fighting and taken to a Russian peacekeepers' camp in Nagorno-Karabakh. A total of 377 people had arrived in Armenia from the region as of Sunday night, Armenian authorities reported.

People are seen inside a bus.
Refugees from the Nagorno-Karabakh region are seen in a bus upon their arrival at a checkpoint in the Armenian village of Kornidzor on Sunday. (Irakli Gedenidze/Reuters)

Russia's Defence Ministry reported that its peacekeepers, who were deployed in Nagorno-Karabakh in 2020, helped transport 311 civilians, including 102 children. The conflicting numbers could not be immediately reconciled.

"It was a nightmare. There are no words to describe. The village was heavily shelled. Almost no one is left in the village," one of the evacuees told The Associated Press in the Armenian city of Kornidzor. She refused to give her name for security reasons. "I have an old grandmother's house here in Tegh village [in the Syunik region of Armenia]. I will live there until we see what happens next."

Nagorno-Karabakh is located in Azerbaijan and came under the control of ethnic Armenian forces, backed by the Armenian military, in separatist fighting that ended in 1994. During a six-week war in 2020, Azerbaijan took back parts of Nagorno-Karabak along with territory surrounding the region that Armenian forces had claimed during the earlier conflict.

A person stands amid the rubble of a destroyed building as a missile is seen lodged in the ground.
A person stands amid the rubble of a destroyed building as a missile is seen lodged in the ground in the town of Terter, Azerbaijan, on Sunday. (Emmanuel Dunand/AFP/Getty Images)

A Russia-brokered armistice ended the war, and a contingent of about 2,000 Russian peacekeepers was sent to the region to monitor it. Parts of Nagorno-Karabakh that weren't retaken by Azerbaijan remained under the control of the separatist authorities.

In December, Azerbaijan imposed a blockade of the only road connecting Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia, alleging that the Armenian government was using the road for mineral extraction and illicit weapons shipments to the province's separatist forces.

Armenia charged that the closure denied basic food and fuel supplies to Nagorno-Karabakh's approximately 120,000 people. Azerbaijan rejected the accusation, arguing the region could receive supplies through the Azerbaijani city of Aghdam — a solution long resisted by Nagorno-Karabakh authorities, who called it a strategy for Azerbaijan to gain control of the region.

On Tuesday, Azerbaijan launched heavy artillery fire against ethnic Armenian forces in Nagorno-Karabakh, who conceded to demands to lay down their arms the next day. Nagorno-Karabakh's final status remains an open question, however, and is at the centre of talks between the sides that began Thursday in the Azerbaijani city of Yevlakh.

A person in military garb gestures outside a vehicle with suitcases on the roof.
A police officer gestures to a vehicle carrying refugees as they arrive at the registration centre near the border town of Kornidzor, Armenia, on Sunday. (Alain Jocard/AFP/Getty Images)

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan said in an address to the nation Sunday that his government was working "with international partners to form international mechanisms to ensure the rights and security of the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh, but if these efforts do not produce concrete results, the government will welcome our sisters and brothers of Nagorno-Karabakh in the Republic of Armenia with all the care."

The events in Nagorno-Karabakh have sparked a days-long wave of protests in Armenia, where demonstrators accused Pashinyan and the Russian peacekeepers of failing to protect the region's Armenian population.

Hundreds of people gathered again Sunday in the centre of Armenia's capital, Yerevan, to demand Pashinyan's ouster.

Demonstrators march in a street.
Demonstrators march during a protest against Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan in Yerevan, Armenia, on Sunday. (Hayk Baghdasaryan/Photolure/The Associated Press)

As part of a cease-fire agreement reached last week, the separatist forces in Nagorno-Karabakh started surrendering tanks, air defence systems and other weapons to the Azerbaijani army. As of Sunday, the process of surrendering arms was still underway, the Azerbaijani military said.

Azerbaijan's Interior Ministry said Sunday that disarmed and demobilized Armenian troops would be allowed to leave the region and go to Armenia.